Citation and References
In-Text Citations
The submitted manuscripts should follow the American Psychological Association, seventh edition for in-text citations and references. Please visit the website http://www.apastyle.org/ for further information on the APA format of 7th edition.
Normally, in-text citation follows the author/date format. To cite a specific part of a source, indicate the page, chapter, figure, table, or equation at the appropriate point in text. Always give page numbers for direct quotations. The general rules of in-text citations are as follows:
1 author (Bhandari, 2020) or (Bhandari, 2020, p. 25)
2 authors (Shrestha & Dhakal, 2016, pp. 24-48)
3+ authors (Gautam et al., 2017)
6+ authors (Lohani et al., 2017)
Chapter (Parajuli, 2016, chapter 2)
No author (Shortened Title, 2015) when it refers to a book;
No author ("Shortened Title", 2015) when it refers to a paper or book chapter
Organization as author (Kathmandu University [KU], 2020), Next cite: (KU, 2020)
In press (Shrestha, in press)
Personal communication (These are not included in References) (S. Upretee, personal communication, July 4, 2017)
Multiple Works (Bhattarai, 2015; Shrestha, 2014; Wagley, 2017)
No date (Shrestha, n.d.)
Two authors with the same last name (Sharma, T. N., 2013) (Sharma, A., 2017)
Multiple works by the same author, same year (Bhandari, 2016a) (Bhandari, 2016b)
Multiple works by the same author, same citation (Bhandari, 2014, 2016)
References
References should follow the American Psychological Association (APA) style (7th edition). All references must be in alphabetical order.
References is the listing of all citations made in the text of the paper. At the end of your main text, on a new page, type References, centered, and list all citations in the alphabetical order. No materials should be included in the list that are not cited in the text.
A book by a single author
Acharya, M. R. (2002). Nepal culture shift! Reinventing culture in the Himalayan kingdom. Adroit Publishers.
A book by two or more authors
Bongartz, H., & Dahal, D. R. (1996). Development studies: Self-help organizations, NGOs and civil society. Nepal Foundation for Advanced Studies.
An edited book
Bhattachan, K. B., & Mishra, C. (Eds.). (1997). Developmental practices in Nepal. Central Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Tribhuvan University.
A single chapter/paper in an edited book
Dahal, K. R., & Paudyal, B. R. (1998). Legal perspective of decentralization in Nepal. In G. B. Thapa (Ed.), Promoting participatory democracy in Nepal: An assessment of local self-government (pp. 43-57). Political Science Association of Nepal.
Corporate author
Department of Education. (2004). School level educational statistics of Nepal: Flash report I 2004. Authors.
An article from a print journal or magazine
Koirala-Azad, S. (2008). Unravelling our realities: Nepali students as researchers and activists. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 28(3), 251-263. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188790802270245
An article from an online source
Onta, P. (2000). Nepal education: Finding a ray of hope. https://www.epw.org.in/35-47/comm6.htm#top
An unpublished thesis/dissertation
Gnawali, L. (2001). Investigating teacher practices: A proposal for teacher development of secondary school teachers of English in Nepal [Unpublished Masters dissertation]. University of Exeter, Devon, England.
Non-English book
Gautam, B., Adhikari, J., & Basnet, P. (Eds.). (2004). Nepalma garibikobahas [Poverty debates in Nepal]. Martin Chautari.
Translated book
Bourdieu, P., &Passeron, J. C. (1990). Reproduction in education, society and culture (2nd ed.) (R. Nice, Trans.). Sage. (Original work published 1970)
In text: (Bourdieu & Passeron, 1970/1990).
Encyclopedia article
Bergman, P. G. (1993). Relativity. In The new encyclopedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp. 501- 508). Encyclopedia Britannica.
Multiple authors (up to seven)
Festinger, L., Cramer, C. J., Riecken, H., Boyd, E. C., Cohen, E. G., Gill, T. G., & Schachter, S. (1956). When prophecy fails. University of Minnesota Press.
Eight or more authors
Roeder, K., Howard, J., Fulton, L., Lochhead, M., Craig, K., Peterson, R., ... Boyd, E. C. (1967). Nerve cells and insect behavior. Harvard University Press.
Magazine article
Sherchan, R., &Sherchan, B. (2002, 30 May-14 June). Gaun-gaunmaibannathalyo mineral water [Mineral water now is produced in villages]. Himal, p. 21.
Newspaper Article
Prashrit, M. N. (2002, July 12). Bhanubhaktakosirjana ra rashtriyaekikaran [The creation of Bhanubhakta and national unification]. Kantipur, p. 5.